Everything about Philip Miller totally explained
Philip Miller (
1691 -
December 18,
1771) was a
botanist of
Scottish descent.
Miller was chief gardener at the
Chelsea Physic Garden from 1721 until shortly before his death. He wrote
The Gardener's and Florists Dictionary or a Complete System of Horticulture (1724) and
The Gardener's Dictionary containing the Methods of Cultivating and Improving the Kitchen Fruit and Flower Garden, which first appeared in 1731 in an impressive
folio and passed through numerous expanding editions.
Miller corresponded with other botanists, and obtained plants from all over the world, many of which he cultivated for the first time in England. His knowledge of living plants was unsurpassed in breadth in his lifetime. He trained
William Aiton, who later became head gardener at
Kew, and
William Forsyth, after whom
Forsythia was named.
Miller was reluctant to use the new
binomial nomenclature of
Carolus Linnaeus, preferring the classifications of
Joseph Pitton de Tournefort and
John Ray at first. The conservative Scot actually retained a number of pre-Linnaean binomial signifiers discarded by Linnaeus but which have been retained by modern botantists. He only fully changed to the Linnaean system in the edition of
The Gardener's Dictionary of 1768, though he'd already described some genera, such as
Larix and
Vanilla, validly under the Linnaean system earlier, in the fourth edition (1754).
Miller sent the first long-strand cotton seeds, which he'd developed, to the new British colony of Georgia in 1733. They were first planted on Sea Island, off the coast of Georgia, and hence derived the name of the finest cotton.
The standard
author abbreviation Mill. is applied to species he described.
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